SCHEME OF WORK.
WEEK: TOPIC:
1. Revision of J.S 1 work.
2. Our values: (a) Integrity (i) Meaning of integrity (ii) Attributes of integrity-probity, honesty, contentment, truthfulness, fair-play, non-compromise, etc.
3. Integrity (cont’d): (b) Examples of people of integrity in the society. (c) Need for people of integrity in society, e.g. community development, peaceful co-existence models for the young ones, etc.
4. Contentment: (i) Meaning of contentment. (ii) Attributes of contentment- satisfaction with what one has, Lack of envy of others, Abhorrence of greed, and corruption, Humility, etc. (iii) Effects of lack of contentment on society- corruption, greed, envy, theft, prostitution, robbery and cheating, etc.
5. Discipline (I) Meaning of Discipline (ii) Attributes of Discipline – Self control, Moderation, modesty, Respect for Legitimate Authority, Respect for Rule and Regulations, Perseverance, Dedication etc.
6. Courage: (a) Meaning of courage, e.g. Exercise boldness in carrying out positive activities in Community (b) Types of Courage (i) physical courage (the wiliness to exercise physical energy to get things done). (ii) Moral courage (the ability to choose to do what is right irrespective of pressure to do otherwise) (iii) Spiritual Courage ( courage to exhibit ones spiritual faith and live according to its tenets ) (c) Attributes of courageous Persons- (i) Commitment, (ii) Endurance (iii) Determination.(iv) Steadfastness (v) Diligence (vi) Boldness (vii) Bravery etc.
7. Nigeria as a Federation: (a) Meaning of Federation. (b) Needs for Federation – (i) national integration (ii) Unity in Diversity. (iii) controlling activities of state (c) characteristics of a federation: (i) Sharing of powers between central and state government (ii) states have constitutionally control over their own affairs (iii) Central Government control the State (iv) Constitution of Federal System
8. Relationship between Federal, State and Local Government.: (a) Relationship: (i) perform functions according to constitutional provision (ii) Power to Legislate over matters spelt out in legislative lists (iii) Power to carry out functions in accordance with constitutional provisions.(iv) Provide form of Governance ,etc.
(b) Differences among the three tiers of government : (i) Functions, (ii) Legislative powers, (iii) Executive powers, (iv) Exclusive , concurrent and residual powers etc.
9. Revision
1ST TERM
WEEK 1
LESSON 1
Topic: OUR VALUES
Sub topic: INTEGRITY
(i) Meaning of integrity
Integrity is the quality of being honest and morally upright. It is the ability to do what is right in spite of all odds
(ii) Attributes of integrity
1. PROBITY AND HONESTY: A man of integrity must be honest and accountable for whatever task that is given to him
2. NON-COMPROMISE OF PRINCIPLE: A man of integrity would never compromise whatever stand he is taking no matter the situation or the people involved
3. TRUTHFULNESS: A man of integrity will always stand by the truth at all times
4. CONTENTMENT: He must be contented with whatever he has or in any situation he finds himself.
5. FAIR PLAY: He or she is always fair when dealing with other people.
6. Finally, a man of integrity should also be a role model which other people in the society can emulate.
Evaluation
1. What is integrity?
2. Give five attributes of integrity.
3. Explain any three of the attributes mentioned in question two.
Topic: OUR VALUES
Sub topic: INTEGRITY
(i) Meaning of integrity
Integrity is the quality of being honest and morally upright. It is the ability to do what is right in spite of all odds
(ii) Attributes of integrity
1. PROBITY AND HONESTY: A man of integrity must be honest and accountable for whatever task that is given to him
2. NON-COMPROMISE OF PRINCIPLE: A man of integrity would never compromise whatever stand he is taking no matter the situation or the people involved
3. TRUTHFULNESS: A man of integrity will always stand by the truth at all times
4. CONTENTMENT: He must be contented with whatever he has or in any situation he finds himself.
5. FAIR PLAY: He or she is always fair when dealing with other people.
6. Finally, a man of integrity should also be a role model which other people in the society can emulate.
Evaluation
1. What is integrity?
2. Give five attributes of integrity.
3. Explain any three of the attributes mentioned in question two.
WEEK 2
LESSON 2
Topic: Examples of people of integrity in the society
Examples of people of integrity in the society include:
I. Faithful men of God such as Pastor W.F Kumuyi, Pastor E.A Adeboye, The Pope, Bishops, Pastors and Imams
ii. Past heroes like Chief Obafemi Awolowo, Dr. Nnamdi Azikwe, Alhaji Ahmadu Bello etc
iii. Some notable individuals like Late Chief Gani Fawehinmi, Prof. Wole Soyinka, Alhaji Balarabe Musa, Colonel Dangiwa Abubakar Umar (Rtd) who resigned his military commission in protest against the annulment of June 12 elections in 1993, etc.
iv. Honest Public officers like Policemen, Teachers and Civil Servants
v. Members of voluntary organizations such as Boy Scouts movement, Girls Guide, Boys and Girls brigade, Red Cross society etc.
vi. Elder Statesmen like Nelson Mandela of South Africa, Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia, etc.
The need to have men of integrity in the society
We need people of integrity in our society to bring about the following:
1. Peaceful and orderly society
2. The development of the community as such men will be able to contribute meaningfully to societal goals
3. To correct the bad habits in the society
4. A good model for the upcoming youths in our society
Evaluation:
1. List five examples of people of integrity in our society.
2. Give at least three needs to have men of integrity in the society.
Topic: Examples of people of integrity in the society
Examples of people of integrity in the society include:
I. Faithful men of God such as Pastor W.F Kumuyi, Pastor E.A Adeboye, The Pope, Bishops, Pastors and Imams
ii. Past heroes like Chief Obafemi Awolowo, Dr. Nnamdi Azikwe, Alhaji Ahmadu Bello etc
iii. Some notable individuals like Late Chief Gani Fawehinmi, Prof. Wole Soyinka, Alhaji Balarabe Musa, Colonel Dangiwa Abubakar Umar (Rtd) who resigned his military commission in protest against the annulment of June 12 elections in 1993, etc.
iv. Honest Public officers like Policemen, Teachers and Civil Servants
v. Members of voluntary organizations such as Boy Scouts movement, Girls Guide, Boys and Girls brigade, Red Cross society etc.
vi. Elder Statesmen like Nelson Mandela of South Africa, Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia, etc.
The need to have men of integrity in the society
We need people of integrity in our society to bring about the following:
1. Peaceful and orderly society
2. The development of the community as such men will be able to contribute meaningfully to societal goals
3. To correct the bad habits in the society
4. A good model for the upcoming youths in our society
Evaluation:
1. List five examples of people of integrity in our society.
2. Give at least three needs to have men of integrity in the society.
WEEK 3
LESSON 3
Topic: CONTENTMENT
(i) Meaning of contentment
Contentment is a state of being happy and satisfied with whatever one has. This A contented person will not envy another person. He will be satisfied with what he is having.
(ii) Attributes of contentment
1. SATISFACTION: A man of contentment will be satisfied with whatever he has or in any situation with what he has
2. LACK OF ENVY: A man full of contentment will never envy his brother but he is satisfied with what he has
3. NOT GREEDY: Such a man has no business with greed and corruption.
4. HUMILITY: A contented person is a humble man who will not be proud
5. DISCIPLINE: A man filled with the spirit of contentment will be disciplined in whatever he is doing
(iii) Effects of lack of contentment
(i) Any man that lacks the spirit of contentment will be greedy. He will always be looking at others with envy.
(ii) The second effect is corruption. Such a person will try to acquire things that belong to others by any means.
(iii) A man that lacks contentment will be greedy. He will like to have everything that comes to his mind..
(iv) A man that lacks contentment will also involve in other social vices like prostitutions so as to acquire more things from others.
(v) There is no way that a man that lacks contentment will not steal things belonging to others.
(vi) Any man that lacks this virtue will always cheat others and may even be involved in armed robbery.
(viii) Finally, any man that lacks contentment will form the habit of cheating others all the time.
Evaluation:
1. Mention four attributes of contentment.
2. State four effects of lack of contentment on society.
Topic: CONTENTMENT
(i) Meaning of contentment
Contentment is a state of being happy and satisfied with whatever one has. This A contented person will not envy another person. He will be satisfied with what he is having.
(ii) Attributes of contentment
1. SATISFACTION: A man of contentment will be satisfied with whatever he has or in any situation with what he has
2. LACK OF ENVY: A man full of contentment will never envy his brother but he is satisfied with what he has
3. NOT GREEDY: Such a man has no business with greed and corruption.
4. HUMILITY: A contented person is a humble man who will not be proud
5. DISCIPLINE: A man filled with the spirit of contentment will be disciplined in whatever he is doing
(iii) Effects of lack of contentment
(i) Any man that lacks the spirit of contentment will be greedy. He will always be looking at others with envy.
(ii) The second effect is corruption. Such a person will try to acquire things that belong to others by any means.
(iii) A man that lacks contentment will be greedy. He will like to have everything that comes to his mind..
(iv) A man that lacks contentment will also involve in other social vices like prostitutions so as to acquire more things from others.
(v) There is no way that a man that lacks contentment will not steal things belonging to others.
(vi) Any man that lacks this virtue will always cheat others and may even be involved in armed robbery.
(viii) Finally, any man that lacks contentment will form the habit of cheating others all the time.
Evaluation:
1. Mention four attributes of contentment.
2. State four effects of lack of contentment on society.
WEEK 4
LESSON 4
Topic: DISCIPLINE
(i) Meaning of Discipline
Discipline is the attitude of doing the right thing at the right time. A disciplined man will reject wickedness and speak out when a crime is being committed. It is pertinent to state here that when a man is disciplined, he will develop the attitude of integrity. Such a person will obey all constituted authority.
Discipline is a method of training the mind, body, or behavior, and it makes people do what is expected of them. We are disciplined when we have self control.
A Discipline individual does things according to laid down rules and regulations.
It is the attitude of doing the right thing at the right time and at times without being forced or persuaded to do so.
ATTRIBUTES OF DISCIPLINE.
A Disciplined person must have self control.
A Disciplined person must have respect for legitimate authority.
A Disciplined person must exercise moderation in all his dealings.
A Disciplined person must be modest, that is not talking much about one’s abilities or possession.
A Disciplined must respect the rules and regulations of the state.
A Disciplined must be content with what he/she has.
(ii) Qualities of Discipline
A disciplined person exhibits the following qualities. He or she:
1. is honest and tolerant;
2. is orderly;
3. has respect for legitimate authority;
4. has respect for rules and regulation;
5. is patient;
6. is dedicated to duties;
7. is modest; and
8. has self-control (can control his or her emotions)
BENEFITS OF BEING DISCIPLINED.
Discipline ensures proper and good governance at all levels.
Discipline reduces the level of corruption at all levels.
Discipline enhances peace, progress and mutual understanding among the people in the society.
Discipline promotes growth and development in the society.
Discipline allows orderliness and smooth running of the society.
CONSEQUENCES OF INDISCIPLINE.
Indiscipline increases the rate of crimes in the society.
Indiscipline prevents the achievement of the societal goals.
Indiscipline may threaten the peace and progress of the society.
Indiscipline widens the gap between the rich and poor.
Indiscipline breeds high level of poverty in the society.
Indiscipline retards growth and development.
Evaluation:
1. Define Discipline
2. List and explain five attributes of discipline
Topic: DISCIPLINE
(i) Meaning of Discipline
Discipline is the attitude of doing the right thing at the right time. A disciplined man will reject wickedness and speak out when a crime is being committed. It is pertinent to state here that when a man is disciplined, he will develop the attitude of integrity. Such a person will obey all constituted authority.
Discipline is a method of training the mind, body, or behavior, and it makes people do what is expected of them. We are disciplined when we have self control.
A Discipline individual does things according to laid down rules and regulations.
It is the attitude of doing the right thing at the right time and at times without being forced or persuaded to do so.
ATTRIBUTES OF DISCIPLINE.
A Disciplined person must have self control.
A Disciplined person must have respect for legitimate authority.
A Disciplined person must exercise moderation in all his dealings.
A Disciplined person must be modest, that is not talking much about one’s abilities or possession.
A Disciplined must respect the rules and regulations of the state.
A Disciplined must be content with what he/she has.
(ii) Qualities of Discipline
A disciplined person exhibits the following qualities. He or she:
1. is honest and tolerant;
2. is orderly;
3. has respect for legitimate authority;
4. has respect for rules and regulation;
5. is patient;
6. is dedicated to duties;
7. is modest; and
8. has self-control (can control his or her emotions)
BENEFITS OF BEING DISCIPLINED.
Discipline ensures proper and good governance at all levels.
Discipline reduces the level of corruption at all levels.
Discipline enhances peace, progress and mutual understanding among the people in the society.
Discipline promotes growth and development in the society.
Discipline allows orderliness and smooth running of the society.
CONSEQUENCES OF INDISCIPLINE.
Indiscipline increases the rate of crimes in the society.
Indiscipline prevents the achievement of the societal goals.
Indiscipline may threaten the peace and progress of the society.
Indiscipline widens the gap between the rich and poor.
Indiscipline breeds high level of poverty in the society.
Indiscipline retards growth and development.
Evaluation:
1. Define Discipline
2. List and explain five attributes of discipline
WEEK 5
LESSON 5
Topic: COURAGE
(i) Meaning of courage
Courage is the exercise of boldness in carrying out a given task in a particular situation of life. A courageous person boldly does and says what he or she thinks is right at all times.
(ii) Types of courage
1. PHYSICAL COURAGE: This is the willingness to use our physical energy to get things done such as lifting an object, fighting and movement
2. MORAL COURAGE: This is the ability to do what is right irrespective of pressure to do otherwise such as the ability to challenge any form of injustice in the society
3. SPIRITUAL COURAGE: This is the ability or courage to exercise and exhibit one’s spiritual faith in the living God and live according to its tenets.
(iii) Attributes of a courageous person
A Courageous person possesses the following attributes. He or She:
1. endure difficult situation;
2. is determined in the course of any action;
3. is steadfast;
4. is diligent ;and
5. is bold and brave.
Evaluation
1. Define the concept courage.
2. Name five three types of courage.
3. Give and explain any four attributes of a courageous person.
Topic: COURAGE
(i) Meaning of courage
Courage is the exercise of boldness in carrying out a given task in a particular situation of life. A courageous person boldly does and says what he or she thinks is right at all times.
(ii) Types of courage
1. PHYSICAL COURAGE: This is the willingness to use our physical energy to get things done such as lifting an object, fighting and movement
2. MORAL COURAGE: This is the ability to do what is right irrespective of pressure to do otherwise such as the ability to challenge any form of injustice in the society
3. SPIRITUAL COURAGE: This is the ability or courage to exercise and exhibit one’s spiritual faith in the living God and live according to its tenets.
(iii) Attributes of a courageous person
A Courageous person possesses the following attributes. He or She:
1. endure difficult situation;
2. is determined in the course of any action;
3. is steadfast;
4. is diligent ;and
5. is bold and brave.
Evaluation
1. Define the concept courage.
2. Name five three types of courage.
3. Give and explain any four attributes of a courageous person.
WEEK 6
LESSON 6
Topic: NIGERIA AS A FEDERATION
Sub-topic Meaning of Federation
A federation is a political system whereby a group of states come together to form a single and stronger country. Nigeria is a good example of a Federation. It is made up of one central Government with 36 state governments. Other examples outside Nigeria include: USA, Canada, Argentina, Malaysia, India, etc
https://youtu.be/vEBpYsLtXlM
Needs for federation
States need Federation for the following reasons:
1. There is need to pool the resources of all states together as no one state can produce all its needs alone.
2. There may be need for federation in order to promote unity in spite of diversity emanating from our cultural and historical perspective.
3. A country may need a federation in order to control the activities of the state to prevent the state from withering away.
4. A federation is equally a matter of necessity in order to take care of needs of the people as the component parts will be capable of meeting the immediate needs of the people.
5. Federation is also important in order to bring the government of a state closer to the people.
Characteristics of a federation
1. There is supremacy of the central government over the states Known as exclusive power.
2. States also have their own constitutionally defined constitution. This is known as Residual powers.
3. There is also supremacy of the constitution.
4. There are 3 organs of government in a federation, namely Legislative, Executive, and the judicial organs.
5. There is also the division of the federation into number of states, as we have 37 states in Nigeria.
6. There is also bicameral legislature at the central level and unicameral legislature in the states.
7. The highest court is the Supreme Court and there is equally the promotion of the independence of the judiciary.
8. There is also separation of power and the existence of the rule of law.
https://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/the ... n-based-on
Evaluation
1. Give the meaning of the term federation
2. State and explain four needs for federation.
3. Highlight five characteristics of Federation.
4. Mention four countries that are federation.
Topic: NIGERIA AS A FEDERATION
Sub-topic Meaning of Federation
A federation is a political system whereby a group of states come together to form a single and stronger country. Nigeria is a good example of a Federation. It is made up of one central Government with 36 state governments. Other examples outside Nigeria include: USA, Canada, Argentina, Malaysia, India, etc
https://youtu.be/vEBpYsLtXlM
Needs for federation
States need Federation for the following reasons:
1. There is need to pool the resources of all states together as no one state can produce all its needs alone.
2. There may be need for federation in order to promote unity in spite of diversity emanating from our cultural and historical perspective.
3. A country may need a federation in order to control the activities of the state to prevent the state from withering away.
4. A federation is equally a matter of necessity in order to take care of needs of the people as the component parts will be capable of meeting the immediate needs of the people.
5. Federation is also important in order to bring the government of a state closer to the people.
Characteristics of a federation
1. There is supremacy of the central government over the states Known as exclusive power.
2. States also have their own constitutionally defined constitution. This is known as Residual powers.
3. There is also supremacy of the constitution.
4. There are 3 organs of government in a federation, namely Legislative, Executive, and the judicial organs.
5. There is also the division of the federation into number of states, as we have 37 states in Nigeria.
6. There is also bicameral legislature at the central level and unicameral legislature in the states.
7. The highest court is the Supreme Court and there is equally the promotion of the independence of the judiciary.
8. There is also separation of power and the existence of the rule of law.
https://www.slideshare.net/dankjohn/the ... n-based-on
Evaluation
1. Give the meaning of the term federation
2. State and explain four needs for federation.
3. Highlight five characteristics of Federation.
4. Mention four countries that are federation.
WEEK 7
LESSON 7
Topic: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
A Federal Government can be defined as a system of government whereby the power of government is divided between the national or central government and the governments of the component states, regions, provinces or cantons; and in which each is legally supreme in its own sphere of authority. This means that in a Federal State all the governments are being coordinated together and yet they are independent of one another as regards the power and functions expressively or impliedly given to them by the constitution.
Nigeria was formerly a single country before she became a Federation in 1954.this means that the component states of the federation were created out of a single country.
Another level of relationship can be looked at by consideration power sharing in the federation. For instance, the Federal Government takes charge of Exclusive legislative list. There is concurrent list of subjects on which both the Federal and Regional governments can make laws, but it is laid down that federal law should prevail whenever conflict arose, while residual powers resides with the State government.
Equally there is the duplication of government departments at the federal, state and local levels. For instance, there is the Federal and state civil service and the judiciary.
Revenue allocation is another form of relationship as revenue is shared among the 3 levels of government every month.
Regular Council of States meetings are held.
There is equally meetings of council of states which bring the Federal and state governments together to brainstorm on crucial national problems.
Added to the above, all the levels of government are under the operation of the same constitution to form a united government. In a true federal system as practiced in the First Republic, each component part of the Federation has its own constitution. However, provisions in the regional constitutions are not at variance to that of the Central government. In the case of any variance or clash, the federal constitution prevails.
Summarily, it could be noted that the following are the major relationship between Federal and State Governments.
i. in a Federal State all the governments are being coordinated together and yet they are independent of one another
ii. the component states of the federation are created out of a single country.
iii. power sharing in the federation.
iv. there is the duplication of government departments at the federal, state and local levels
v. revenue is shared among the 3 levels (tiers) of government every month.
vi. Regular council of states meeting are held. which bring the Federal and state governments together to discuss national problems and issues of economic development.
https://youtu.be/E9UmAtGS3wE
Topic: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FEDERAL, STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
A Federal Government can be defined as a system of government whereby the power of government is divided between the national or central government and the governments of the component states, regions, provinces or cantons; and in which each is legally supreme in its own sphere of authority. This means that in a Federal State all the governments are being coordinated together and yet they are independent of one another as regards the power and functions expressively or impliedly given to them by the constitution.
Nigeria was formerly a single country before she became a Federation in 1954.this means that the component states of the federation were created out of a single country.
Another level of relationship can be looked at by consideration power sharing in the federation. For instance, the Federal Government takes charge of Exclusive legislative list. There is concurrent list of subjects on which both the Federal and Regional governments can make laws, but it is laid down that federal law should prevail whenever conflict arose, while residual powers resides with the State government.
Equally there is the duplication of government departments at the federal, state and local levels. For instance, there is the Federal and state civil service and the judiciary.
Revenue allocation is another form of relationship as revenue is shared among the 3 levels of government every month.
Regular Council of States meetings are held.
There is equally meetings of council of states which bring the Federal and state governments together to brainstorm on crucial national problems.
Added to the above, all the levels of government are under the operation of the same constitution to form a united government. In a true federal system as practiced in the First Republic, each component part of the Federation has its own constitution. However, provisions in the regional constitutions are not at variance to that of the Central government. In the case of any variance or clash, the federal constitution prevails.
Summarily, it could be noted that the following are the major relationship between Federal and State Governments.
i. in a Federal State all the governments are being coordinated together and yet they are independent of one another
ii. the component states of the federation are created out of a single country.
iii. power sharing in the federation.
iv. there is the duplication of government departments at the federal, state and local levels
v. revenue is shared among the 3 levels (tiers) of government every month.
vi. Regular council of states meeting are held. which bring the Federal and state governments together to discuss national problems and issues of economic development.
https://youtu.be/E9UmAtGS3wE
WEEK 8
LESSON 8
DIFFERENCES AMONG FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
The three tiers of government:
In spite of the existing relationship between the levels of government, there are areas of differences, which could be seen in the following areas.
1. FUNCTIONS: The functions of the Federal Government cover the whole of the federation while a state will only operate within the state and local government at the local government area or small communities.
2. LEGISLATIVE POWERS: The Federal legislature is bicameral, made up of the senate and the House of Representatives, while the State legislature is unicameral. Federal legislature makes laws affecting the whole country while the State legislature makes laws affecting only its areas of operation within the state boundary including the local government areas.
3. EXECUTIVE POWERS: The executive council at the Federal level is headed by the President and is made up of the Vice President, the Federal Ministers and Secretary to the Government of the Federation, while at the state level, the head of the administration in the state is the Governor assisted by Deputy Governor with the commissioners and state civil servants.
4. POWER SHARING: As previously stated and contained in the constitution, the federal government exercises power on the exclusive legislative list in the constitution. State government can legislate on the Residual legislative list while both Federal and state can both legislate on the concurrent legislative list. At the Local Government level, power to make law is exercised through bye laws which are given through the Acts of parliament.
5. CONCURRENT, EXCLUSIVE AND RESIDUAL POWERS IN A FEDERATION: In a federal system of government, it is well stated in the constitution how the powers should be shared between the central government and the component parts that form the federation. The constitution stipulates how the different levels of government can avoid conflict by defining their powers which are referred to as the exclusive, concurrent and residual lists.
https://www.slideshare.net/Emekanjoku/1 ... powerpoint
Concurrent Legislative List
The concurrent list is meant for the two arms of government; both the central and state governments to legislate upon all the items under the concurrent legislative list. However, if there is disagreement between state and federal laws in any of those items, the federal law will prevail over the state law. This is however, subject to interpretation by a competent court of law such as the Federal High Court and the Supreme Court. The concurrent list includes agriculture, health, education, certain roads, schools, colleges and social insurance and banks.
Exclusive Legislative List
The exclusive legislative list includes all items listed in the constitution which are meant for the central government. It is only the central government that can legislate upon these through the National Assembly. Some of these items include: Police, Foreign Affairs (External Affairs) Defense and Internal Security, Telecommunications, Monetary System, minimum wage, trade unions, etc.
Residual Legislative list
The items that are not under exclusive and concurrent lists are put under the residual list. Basically, it is the state governments that have powers to legislate upon these items. One of the items under residual list is the issue of chieftaincy matters which concern only the states. This makes all the traditional rulers to be under the jurisdiction of the state Government.
Evaluation
1. State at least Three relationship between Federal and State government
2. Differentiate between Federal, State, and Local government giving at least three points.
DIFFERENCES AMONG FEDERAL, STATE, AND LOCAL GOVERNMENTS
The three tiers of government:
In spite of the existing relationship between the levels of government, there are areas of differences, which could be seen in the following areas.
1. FUNCTIONS: The functions of the Federal Government cover the whole of the federation while a state will only operate within the state and local government at the local government area or small communities.
2. LEGISLATIVE POWERS: The Federal legislature is bicameral, made up of the senate and the House of Representatives, while the State legislature is unicameral. Federal legislature makes laws affecting the whole country while the State legislature makes laws affecting only its areas of operation within the state boundary including the local government areas.
3. EXECUTIVE POWERS: The executive council at the Federal level is headed by the President and is made up of the Vice President, the Federal Ministers and Secretary to the Government of the Federation, while at the state level, the head of the administration in the state is the Governor assisted by Deputy Governor with the commissioners and state civil servants.
4. POWER SHARING: As previously stated and contained in the constitution, the federal government exercises power on the exclusive legislative list in the constitution. State government can legislate on the Residual legislative list while both Federal and state can both legislate on the concurrent legislative list. At the Local Government level, power to make law is exercised through bye laws which are given through the Acts of parliament.
5. CONCURRENT, EXCLUSIVE AND RESIDUAL POWERS IN A FEDERATION: In a federal system of government, it is well stated in the constitution how the powers should be shared between the central government and the component parts that form the federation. The constitution stipulates how the different levels of government can avoid conflict by defining their powers which are referred to as the exclusive, concurrent and residual lists.
https://www.slideshare.net/Emekanjoku/1 ... powerpoint
Concurrent Legislative List
The concurrent list is meant for the two arms of government; both the central and state governments to legislate upon all the items under the concurrent legislative list. However, if there is disagreement between state and federal laws in any of those items, the federal law will prevail over the state law. This is however, subject to interpretation by a competent court of law such as the Federal High Court and the Supreme Court. The concurrent list includes agriculture, health, education, certain roads, schools, colleges and social insurance and banks.
Exclusive Legislative List
The exclusive legislative list includes all items listed in the constitution which are meant for the central government. It is only the central government that can legislate upon these through the National Assembly. Some of these items include: Police, Foreign Affairs (External Affairs) Defense and Internal Security, Telecommunications, Monetary System, minimum wage, trade unions, etc.
Residual Legislative list
The items that are not under exclusive and concurrent lists are put under the residual list. Basically, it is the state governments that have powers to legislate upon these items. One of the items under residual list is the issue of chieftaincy matters which concern only the states. This makes all the traditional rulers to be under the jurisdiction of the state Government.
Evaluation
1. State at least Three relationship between Federal and State government
2. Differentiate between Federal, State, and Local government giving at least three points.
WEEK 9
Study Questions (objectives)
1. Integrity means …(a) good sense of belonging (b) a good boy (c) a sense of strong moral standard about life and situation (d) To be physically strong.
2. One of the attributes of integrity is : (a) contentment (b) acceptance (c) allowance (d) fighting skills
3. The need to have men of integrity in the society is because…… (a) They will be able to fight on our behalf (b) They are needed in order to correct bad habits in the society(c) They will be able to carry heavy loads for the community(d) they will also become good politicians
4. Which of these is one of the attributes of contentment (a) satisfaction (b)encouragement (c)development (d)empowerment
5. One effect of lack of contentment is (a) the enjoyment being derived from it (b) A man that lack contentment will be very great in life (c) a man that lack contentment will be above board (d)A man that lack contentment will be greedy.
6. Discipline is: (a) Attitude of doing the right thing at the right time. (b) The ability to vigorously pursue a goal (c) The way of life (d) none of the above
7. Courage is the : (a) Ability to defend one integrity (b) Exercise of boldness in carrying out a giving task in a particular situation of life (c) Exercising patience (d) boldness for wrongful fight.
8. One type of courage is (a)Stubbornness Spirit (b)Moral courage (c) Dancing courage (d)Fighting courage
9. A courageous person should have one of these attributes (a) Should be able to have a physical strength (b) should have the ability to withstand the rigour of work (c) Must have determination to succeed in any given task. (d) Must be bold to talk in any gathering
10. Which of these definitions of Federation is correct (a) Federation means a system that has bearing with political parties (b) Federation is just an amalgamation of state. (c) Federation is a type of political system in which there is constitutional division power between the central government and the component parts (d) Federation is a political development that deal with how individual relates to one another
11. State need federation for one of the following reasons (a) Federation allows various groups of people to be accommodated in the scheme of things (b)Federation give room for excessive spending of public funds (c) Federation tackles the problem of poverty (d) Federation is important because of its flexibility
12. One of the Characteristics of a Federation is (a)No separation of power in the constitution (b)There is supremacy of the constitution (c) None of these is applicable to its characteristics (d)All of the above.
13. …………… is a good example of federation (a) Sokoto (b) Zamfara (c) Nigeria (d) Osun
14. Which of following exercise the Exclusive power (a) Central government (b) State government (c) Local government (d) Non of the above.
15. In a Federation the State government makes law on … (a) Exclusive list (b) residual list (c) common list (d) fresh list
16. The executive council at the federal level is headed by the ……. (a)Governor (b)chair man (c) minister (d) President
17. Nigeria as a Federation is made up of …… State (a) 36 (b) 50(c)37 (d)27
18. In a Federation the Local Council is headed by …… (a) Chairman (b)Councilor (c) Commissioner (d)Governor
19. The level of Government in a federation that makes laws that affect every body in a country.
20. The head of a ministry at the federal level in a Federation is known as ……….. (a) chairman (b) Commissioner (c) Minister (d) Ambassador
Essay Questions.
1. Discuss the need for Federation in Nigeria.
2. Mention four Characteristics of a Federation
3. Define contentment
4. Mention Four attributes of contentment
5. List three effects of lack of contentment on Society
6. Outline five attributes of a courageous person
7. Differentiate between Federal, State and Local Government in term of: function, power sharing, Executive power and legislative power
8. Give the meaning of the term federation
9 Mention four countries that are federation.
10 Mention two consequences of indiscipline in our society
11. Mention three attributes of integrity.
1. Integrity means …(a) good sense of belonging (b) a good boy (c) a sense of strong moral standard about life and situation (d) To be physically strong.
2. One of the attributes of integrity is : (a) contentment (b) acceptance (c) allowance (d) fighting skills
3. The need to have men of integrity in the society is because…… (a) They will be able to fight on our behalf (b) They are needed in order to correct bad habits in the society(c) They will be able to carry heavy loads for the community(d) they will also become good politicians
4. Which of these is one of the attributes of contentment (a) satisfaction (b)encouragement (c)development (d)empowerment
5. One effect of lack of contentment is (a) the enjoyment being derived from it (b) A man that lack contentment will be very great in life (c) a man that lack contentment will be above board (d)A man that lack contentment will be greedy.
6. Discipline is: (a) Attitude of doing the right thing at the right time. (b) The ability to vigorously pursue a goal (c) The way of life (d) none of the above
7. Courage is the : (a) Ability to defend one integrity (b) Exercise of boldness in carrying out a giving task in a particular situation of life (c) Exercising patience (d) boldness for wrongful fight.
8. One type of courage is (a)Stubbornness Spirit (b)Moral courage (c) Dancing courage (d)Fighting courage
9. A courageous person should have one of these attributes (a) Should be able to have a physical strength (b) should have the ability to withstand the rigour of work (c) Must have determination to succeed in any given task. (d) Must be bold to talk in any gathering
10. Which of these definitions of Federation is correct (a) Federation means a system that has bearing with political parties (b) Federation is just an amalgamation of state. (c) Federation is a type of political system in which there is constitutional division power between the central government and the component parts (d) Federation is a political development that deal with how individual relates to one another
11. State need federation for one of the following reasons (a) Federation allows various groups of people to be accommodated in the scheme of things (b)Federation give room for excessive spending of public funds (c) Federation tackles the problem of poverty (d) Federation is important because of its flexibility
12. One of the Characteristics of a Federation is (a)No separation of power in the constitution (b)There is supremacy of the constitution (c) None of these is applicable to its characteristics (d)All of the above.
13. …………… is a good example of federation (a) Sokoto (b) Zamfara (c) Nigeria (d) Osun
14. Which of following exercise the Exclusive power (a) Central government (b) State government (c) Local government (d) Non of the above.
15. In a Federation the State government makes law on … (a) Exclusive list (b) residual list (c) common list (d) fresh list
16. The executive council at the federal level is headed by the ……. (a)Governor (b)chair man (c) minister (d) President
17. Nigeria as a Federation is made up of …… State (a) 36 (b) 50(c)37 (d)27
18. In a Federation the Local Council is headed by …… (a) Chairman (b)Councilor (c) Commissioner (d)Governor
19. The level of Government in a federation that makes laws that affect every body in a country.
20. The head of a ministry at the federal level in a Federation is known as ……….. (a) chairman (b) Commissioner (c) Minister (d) Ambassador
Essay Questions.
1. Discuss the need for Federation in Nigeria.
2. Mention four Characteristics of a Federation
3. Define contentment
4. Mention Four attributes of contentment
5. List three effects of lack of contentment on Society
6. Outline five attributes of a courageous person
7. Differentiate between Federal, State and Local Government in term of: function, power sharing, Executive power and legislative power
8. Give the meaning of the term federation
9 Mention four countries that are federation.
10 Mention two consequences of indiscipline in our society
11. Mention three attributes of integrity.